Tổng hợp và cách phân biệt các thể thơ trong văn học Việt Nam

Distinguishing poems is an important part of the high school Literature program, playing a key role in analyzing and feeling poetry. This article will provide you with basic knowledge to distinguish the common poetry in the test, thereby improving the skills of doing the test and achieving the best results.

Poetry genres in Vietnamese literature today

The form of poetry is a collection of rules of sentences, words, rhymes and rhythms used in a poem. Each poetry has its own structure and characteristics, contributing to creating a unique sound and style. Currently, Vietnamese literature has the following types of worship:

Alexandrine

The eight -sixth poem is the most popular traditional poetry in Vietnamese literature, including couples interwoven, each sentence has 6 and 8 hours. The eight -six -syllable poetry has a gentle, melodious sound, showing the delicate emotions of people about life, love and homeland.

Leaf of Luc Bat poetry:

• Rhyme: Rhyme in the eight poetic poetry is usually rhyme, sowing at the end of the six sentence and syllable with the sixth sound of the bowl.

• Diagonal: The sentences and verses need to follow a certain rule of tone, usually B – T – B (sentence) and B – T – B – B (bowl sentence).

For example:

“Hundred years in the realm of people

The word talent is cleverly hate each other

Experiencing a strawberry tank

The things that see but painful “

(Story of Kieu – Nguyen Du)

How to identify the form of green poetry: Based on the number of words in each sentence and the law of rhyme, we can identify what is the six -six poem. Some of the typical works that use the eight -six poetry form can be mentioned as “Tale of Kieu” of Nguyen Du, “Viet Bac” of To Huu, …

Poetry Song That Luc Bat

Song That Luc Bat’s poem is a unique poem created by our nation, made up of alternating sentences, including two words of loss (7 words) and a pair of six bowls (6 – 8 words). Compared to traditional six -poem poetry, this poem has its own characteristics of poetry law and rhyme.

The law of poetry is semnate:

• About the number of hours: Each verse of the Song Luc bowl consists of 2 sentences and 1 pair of six bowls.

• About tone:

• Sentence:

• Sentence on the above words: 3rd, 5, 7, follow the rules of T – B – T (Thanh Trac – Thanh Bang – Thanh Trac).

• Sentence of lower words: 3rd, 5, 7, follow the rules of B – T – B (Bang Bang – Thanh Trac – Thanh Bang).

• Sentence: Freedom of tone.

• Sentence: Comply with the rule B – T – B – B (Thanh Bang – Thanh Trac – Thanh Bang – Bang Bang).

• About rhyme: The end of the sentence is lost on the rhyme with the 5th sentence. The last sound of the sentence under the syllable with the 6th sentence. The end of the sentence of the sentence in the sixth sound of the bowl. The rhyme continues to follow this rule until the end of the poem.

For example:

“Is there any flowers over the season without wilting?

Is there a more beautiful sound?

My eyes are a river

The boat he swimming in the middle of my eyes. “

(Eyes – Luu Trong Lu)

How to identify the poetry of the sixteen -syllable poetry:

1. Based on the number of words in each verse: 2 sentences 7 words alternating 1 sentence 6 – 8 words.

2. Based on the rule of the tone of poetry.

3. Based on the unique rhyme.

The poem of the Five Great words

The poetry of the Five Great Lords of the Rules is a short, condensed poem, only 4 verses, each sentence 5 words. Although brief, this poem contains profound meanings, reflected in the delicate arrangement of elements such as tone, rhyme and poem structure.

The law of poetry of the Five Great words:

• About the number of words: Each poem consists of 4 sentences, each sentence 5 words.

• Regarding structure: obeying the title structure – reality – essay – conclusion, showing the logical development of Italian.

• About tone:

• Sentences 1, 2, 4: Freedom of tone.

• Question 3: The second and 4th letters must follow the rules by – monitoring, or by – by – equal, monitoring.

• About rhyme:

• Question 1, 2, 4 or verses 2 and 4 rhymes together in the last word.

• Use poison (a single rhyme) for the poem.

• Rhyme in a hug or diagonal rhyme.

For example:

“Winning the flute of Chuong Duong Do,

Holding Ham Tu Quan lake.

Thai Binh Tu effort,

Van Co tried Jiang San. ”

(Chanting the price of the Sutta – Tran Quang Khai)

How to identify the poetry of the Five Great words:

1. Based on the number of words in the poem (4 sentences, 5 words each).

2. Based on the law of typical tone (rotating in – monitoring in second and 4th languages).

3. Based on the rhyme (poison, rhyme and cross rhyme).

Poetry of the five bowls of owls

The poem of the eight -verses is the common Luat poetry, consisting of 8 verses, each of 5 words. This poem shows the balance and harmony in the structure and content, bringing subtle and deep emotions.

The law of poetry of the five words of the bowl of owl:

• About the number of words: Each poem consists of 8 sentences, each sentence 5 words.

• Structure: Divide into 4 parts: Title (first 2 sentences), real (2 next sentences), Luan (the next 2 sentences) and the end (the last 2 sentences). Each part expresses a unique content and meaning.

• About tone:

• Law by monitoring:

• Sentences 1, 2, 4, 8: B – B – T – T – B (rhyme)

• Question 3, 6: t – t – t – b – b (rhyme)

• Question 5, 7: b – b – b – t – t

• The law is equal to:

• Sentences 1, 2, 4, 8: T – T – T – B – B (rhyme)

• Question 3, 6: B – B – T – T – B (rhyme)

• Question 5, 7: t – t – b – b – t

• About rhyme:

• The verses 1, 2, 4 and 8 rhymes together in the last word.

• Can be rhyming or rhyming according to the stated rules.

For example:

“My love is colored

Forever must be apart

The sulky

Culmination

Restoration of tears

Small sobbing of Europe

Missed the Debting Village

Leaving the first dream ”

(Village – Hoang Thu Lang)

How to identify the poetry of the five bowls of bowls:

1. Based on the number of words in the poem (8 sentences, 5 words each).

2. Based on the structure divided into 4 parts (topic – reality – essay – conclusion).

3. Based on the rules of tone and typical rhyme.

The poem is great

The verse of the four -way language of the law is a common law poem, consisting of 4 verses, each of 7 words. This poem shows the condensation, concise in the language, which contains many profound meanings.

The law of poetry is great:

• About the number of words: Each poem consists of 4 sentences, each sentence 7 words.

• Regarding structure: Compliance with the structure of declaration – redundancy – transfer – conformity, showing the logical development of Italian.

• About tone:

• The second language of verse 1 provides for the poem:

• If the bar is equal, the poetry law is B (equal – monitoring)

• If it is the bar, the poetry law is T (Trac – Bang)

• The remaining verses obey the prescribed law.

• About seals: vertical verses must be sealed (the same in the bar).

• About rhyme:

• Question 1, 2, 4 or verses 2 and 4 rhymes together in the last word.

• Can use poison (a single rhyme) or Lien Lien (multiple rhymes).

For example:

“Nam Quoc Son Ha Nam De Cu

Disclosure in Thien Thu

Like Ha Mau Lai Lai infringing

The islands are not defeated. ”

(Nam Quoc Son Ha – Ly Thuong Kiet)

How to identify the poetry of the four great language:

1. Based on the number of words in a verse and the number of sentences in the lesson.

2. Observe the rules of use of the whole poem (structure, tone, seal, rhyme).

Seven words of eight owls

The poem of the Eightpower of the Road is a poem with a long history, appearing from China, completed in Tang Dynasty and introduced into Vietnam. This poem each includes 8 sentences, each sentence 7 words, with strict structure, strict rules, showing majesty and magnificence in poetry.

The law of poetry lost eight owls:

• About the number of words: Each poem consists of 8 sentences, each sentence 7 words.

• Structure: Divide into 4 parts: Title (first 2 sentences), real (2 next sentences), Luan (the next 2 sentences) and the end (the last 2 sentences). Each part expresses a unique content and meaning.

• About tone:

• Follow the rules by – the monitor “Nhat, Tam, Ngu argue

• Sentences 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8: rotate by – monitor.

• Sentences 3, 5, 7: Freedom of tone.

• About sealing: vertical vertical sentences must be sealed (similar to the bar).

• About rhyme:

• The last hours of verses 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 rhyme are equal.

• Can use poison (a single rhyme) or Lien Lien (multiple rhymes).

For example:

“Step to the shadow of the shadow,

Grass stone, leaves chewing flowers.

Lo chin under the mountain a few uncle,

Screaming of the barbar river.

Remember the water, heartbreaking hoe,

Love home, tired mouth skin.

Stop back: heaven, young, water,

A separate piece of love, we and me. “

(Through Deo Ngang – Ba Huyen Thanh Quan)

How to identify the poetry of the eight -owl language:

1. Based on the number of words in the sentence and the number of sentences in the poem.

2. Observe the structure divided into 4 parts (topic – reality – essay – conclusion).

3. Determine the rules of the tone and the characteristic rhyme.

See also:

1. Vmonkey – The application helps build a solid Vietnamese platform for children
2. Linking: Reading – Understanding the National High School Literature

Modern poetry

Modern poetry is the poetry form born after the August Revolution, marking the broken rules of traditional poetry. This poem promotes freedom of composition, expressing new emotions and thoughts of people in modern society.

Popular modern poetry:

• Poetry by number of hours: 3 hours of poetry, 4 -hour poetry, 5 -hour poetry, 6 -hour poetry, 7 -hour poetry, 8 -hour poetry, …

• Free poetry: No number of hours per sentence.

Law poetry: Different from traditional poetry, modern poetry does not follow strict rules of sentences, words, tones, rhymes. However, each modern poetry still has its own characteristics of structure and expression.

Example (5 hours poetry):

“When the child howling calls the summer

Cicadas

I sound like a mother

Quietly in a dream. “

(When the child is howling – To Huu)

How to identify poetry form:

1. Based on the number of hours each verse.

2. Observe the structure of the poem (number of sentences, the number of suffering).

3. Distinguishing freely poetry from poems by the number of hours based on freedom in the rhythm, rhyme.

How to identify poetry in Vietnamese literature is easy to understand

Because there is a variety of poetry, to better understand the common poetry and how to distinguish when used, the following is a table to compare the signs of poetic identity for everyone to refer to:

Poetry	Sentence structure	Rules of rhyme	Outstanding features
Alexandrine	Sentence 6 words + 8 -word sentence alternately	The end of the six sentence with the 6th sentence	The melody is gentle, flexible, easy to remember
Poetry Song That Luc Bat	Two sentences 7 words + a pair of six bowls	Sentence 7 words on rhyme with the 5th letter 7 words below	The rhythm of flexible, emotional changes
The poem of the Five Great words	4 sentences, each sentence 5 words	Sentences 1, 2, 4 or verses 2, 4 rhymes	Short, concise, rich in images
Poetry of the five bowls of owls	8 sentences, each sentence 5 words	Sentences 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 rhymes together	The structure is tight, obeying the topic – real – essay – conclusion
The poem is great	4 sentences, each sentence 7 words	Sentences 1, 2, 4 or 2, 4 rhymes	The poem is condensed, rich in philosophy
Seven words of eight owls	8 sentences, each sentence 7 words	Sentences 1, 2, 4, 6, 8 rhymes together	Strict structure, showing solemnity
Modern poetry	Unlimited number of sentences, numbers (freedom or hours)	No required rhyme	Liberal, creative, bringing the breath of the era

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Distinguishing poems is an important skill to help candidates confidently do the homework and achieve high scores in the National High School Reading – Understanding Literature. Take time to carefully review poems, distinguish through various types of exercises to confidently enter the exam and achieve success!

Nguồn: http://mncatlinhdd.edu.vn/ Tác giả: Nguyễn Lân dũng