Hướng dẫn giải bài tập toán lớp 2 hình tứ giác từ cơ bản đến nâng cao

The quadrilateral is one of the basic mathematics that children in the 2nd grade age need to grasp. Grade 2 mathematics quadrilateral has many different types of math. Let’s find out details about the theory as well as the common types of mathematics of this mathematics through the following article!

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Overview of knowledge about mathematics of grade 2 quadrilateral

To learn deeply about the quadrilateral in the 2nd grade math program, we first need to learn about the overview of theories as the quadrilateral concept, the properties of the quadrilateral.

What is the quadrilateral?

The quadrilateral is a polygon of 4 sides and 4 vertices connected to each other. There are many different types of quadrilateral such as single quadrilateral and double quadrilateral. In the single quadrilateral divided into convex quadrilateral and concave quadrilateral. However, no matter what kind of quadrilateral, the sum of the 4 angles of a quadrilateral is still 360 degrees. This is a characteristic feature to identify a quadrilateral image.

The properties of the quadrilateral

The quadrilateral consists of two basic properties that are cross -shaped properties and angle properties of the quadrilateral.

• Cross -shaped properties: It is stated as the two diagonal lines of the convex quadrilateral will intersect at a point in the inner region of that quadrilateral. The opposite statement is still true that a quadrilateral with 2 diagonal lines intersecting in its inner domain is a convex quadrilateral.

• The angular properties of the quadrilateral: The sum of the 4 corners of the quadrilateral is always 360 degrees whether it is a convex, concave, single or dual quadrilateral.

Common quadrilateral forms

In mathematics, there are many different types of quadrilateral. However, there are 4 most common quadrilateral types that parents and teachers need to introduce to children in the 2nd grade age, which are single quadrilateral, convex quadrilateral, concave quadrilateral, irregular quadrilateral. Let’s find out more details about these 4 quadrilateral types!

Single quadrilateral

Single quadrilateral is the type of quadrilateral that is characterized by no side to intersect.

Convex

The convex quadrilateral is the quadrilateral that has all its inner corners are less than 180 degrees. The two diagonal lines of the quadrilateral intersect at the point inside the quadrilateral. Considering the perspective of the geometric plane, the convex quadrilateral is a quadrilateral neatly located on one side compared to the plane containing the edge of one side of the quadrilateral.

Concave

This type of quadrilateral that contains an inner angle greater than 180 degrees. One of the two diagonal lines of this quadrilateral is outside the quadrilateral

Irregular quadrilateral

The irregular quadrilateral is a quadrilateral without any pairs parallel to each other. This type of quadrilateral representing the type of convex quadrilateral but no special characteristics such as parallel, perpendicular, …

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Special quadrilateral forms

In addition to the 4 common quadrilateral types mentioned above, math also has other names for the quadrilateral types with some special points. Let’s take a look at some special quadrilateral shapes right here.

Trapezium

The trapezoid is a type of quadrilateral with at least 2 opposite edges in parallel. In the trapezoid, there is a trapezoid with more special properties in the corner and diagonal. It is a picture that has 2 angles adjacent to the bottom equal or there are 2 diagonal lines with equal length.

Parallelogram

The parallelogram is the type of quadrilateral that has 2 pairs of parallel and equal opposite edges. This is a special case of trapezoid with 2 equal opposite angles, 2 diagonal cuts at the midpoint of each line.

Diamond

The rhombus is a quadrilateral with 4 equal sides. This is a special form of parallelogram with 2 diagonal lines intersecting and perpendicular to each other at the midpoint of each line.

What is the rectangle in grade 2?

The rectangle is a special quadrilateral with 4 right angles and has 2 equal diagonal lines, intersecting at the midpoint of each line.

Square

Square is a special quadrilateral with not only convergence of parallel and equal factors, but also 4 right angles. Square is a combination of rhombus and rectangular. A quadrilateral is square when and only then a rhombus and a rectangle.

The inscribed quadrilateral

The inscribed quadrilateral is a quadrilateral with 4 points located on a circle with a certain radius called the external radius. And the circle has 4 vertices of the quadrilateral called the circumcircle. Usually the inscribed quadrilateral is usually a convex quadrilateral, but it may also exist in the inscribed quadrilateral.

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Some types of exercises identify and determine the quadrilateral for 2nd grade students

Above are some common quadrilateral types when children do math. To make it easier to learn and practice, with your child to practice some types of exercises to identify and determine the following quadrilateral:

Exercise 1: Identify the quadrilateral.

Solution: They need to understand the characteristics of each quadrilateral to be able to determine the exact type.

For example: In the quadrilateral given by the following, what is the convex quadrilateral?

Solution:

In Figure 1A correctly, because if the angle is measured, the angles in Figure 1A are always less than 180 degrees. With a tip that if we take one edge as the shore of the plane, all the remaining sides are in the same plane. From there we can confirm that Figure 1A is a convex quadrilateral.

Figure 1B is wrong because it is on the two banks of the plane if the edge is the edge of BC or CD.

Figure 1C is wrong because it is on the two banks of the plane if the edge is the edge of AD or BC.

See also: Grade 2 mathematics familiar with flat shape and common types of exercises

Exercise 2: Count the quadrilateral number in 1 drawing.

Solution: We will also apply the characteristics of each type of quadrilateral, to observe, recognize and give the correct answer.

For example: How many quadrilateral in each drawing below?

Solution:

The quadrilateral is the figure with 4 sides and 4 vertices. Therefore:

In Figure A there are 2 quadrilateral.

In Figure B, there are 3 quadrilateral.

In Figure C, there are 3 quadrilateral.

EXERCISE FOR EXERCISE: Keep a straight line for a certain number of quadrilateral

Solution: Based on the given figure, combined with the characteristics of the quadrilateral to conduct an extra score on the outside and then draw more straight lines to connect those points together to form a complete quadrilateral.

For example, add a straight line in the given picture to get 3 quadrilateral.

Solution:

To form 3 quadrilateral as required, it is necessary to draw as follows:

Thus, the three quadrilateral formed forms are MQLK; LKPN; MNPQ.

The secret to learning a simple and effective 2nd grade quadrilateral

For geometric 2nd grade math knowledge, especially the small quadrilateral is mainly identifying the image, counting the image that has not had much difficult knowledge. However, this is also an important foundation to help children learn the quadrilateral knowledge more advanced in the large layer. Therefore, to help children learn this knowledge well, parents can apply some of the following tips:

• Make sure your baby grasped the basic knowledge: In order to understand and solve the exercise, parents should help their children to grasp this knowledge as the quadrilateral is the same shape, the types of quadrilateral, the types of exercises, … through analysis, instructions, taking details for children to understand them better.
• Learning the quadrilateral definition through reality: The quadrilateral is a fairly common image in reality such as the board, notebook, cabinet shelf, … so parents can take these examples so that they can easily imagine and better understand what is quadrilateral.
• Organizing related games: Math method through games is extremely effective, helping to stimulate children’s thinking. Therefore, parents can organize quadrilateral search games in the house for children to participate, who can find more pictures of objects will win, … or parents can invest in geometric toys for their children to experience is also very effective. Do not forget to have more rewards to motivate your child.
• Practice children, practice regularly: Parents should regularly check their children’s exercises, as well as ask children to do full class exercises, along with learning more about advanced 2nd grade quadrilateral knowledge to help increase their learning ability after they have grasped the basic knowledge.
• Learning mathematical maths by positive methods with Mầm non Cát Linh Math: This is an online mathematical application for preschool and elementary school subjects today. Application applies the method of learning through videos, enlightenment images, and thousands of interactive games sticking to more than 60 math themes, including geometry. Thereby helping children gain knowledge effectively, promote the development of mathematical capacity, stimulate creative thinking and passion for math. Below is a video introducing details about Mầm non Cát Linh Math for parents to refer more:

Some mathematical exercises in grade 2 quadrilateral for children to practice together

After grasping the knowledge of the quadrilateral concept, what is the quadrilateral? What kind of quadrilateral? Here are some exercises for your baby to practice:

Above are the theory and some exercises on the type 2 mathematical form of the quadrilateral. To understand and remember this form of math, parents need to practice regular exercises. Hopefully the article will provide useful knowledge about the quadrilateral to help parents and teachers can teach them!

Nguồn: https://mncatlinhdd.edu.vn/ Tác giả: Nguyễn Lân dũng